N.Y.
Tax Law Section 32
Registration of tax return preparers
(a)
For purposes of this section, the following terms have the specified meanings:(1)
“Attorney” means an attorney admitted to practice law in New York state or one or more of the other states or jurisdictions of the United States.(2)
“Certified public accountant” means an accountant licensed pursuant to Education Law § 7404 (Requirements for a license as a certified public accountant)section seventy-four hundred four of the education law or a similar law of one or more of the other states or jurisdictions of the United States.(3)
“Commercial tax return preparer” means a tax return preparer who: (A) prepared ten or more returns for compensation in the preceding calendar year and will prepare at least one return for compensation during the current calendar year; or (B) prepared fewer than ten returns in the preceding calendar year but will prepare ten or more returns for the current calendar year.(4)
“Commercial tax return preparation business” means an entity that employs individuals who prepare tax returns and that meets the thresholds described in paragraph three of this subdivision.(5)
“Creditor” means any person who makes a refund anticipation loan or who takes an assignment of a refund anticipation loan.(6)
“Facilitator” means a person who individually or in conjunction or cooperation with another person:(a)
solicits the execution of, processes, receives, or accepts an application or agreement for a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check, (b) serves or collects upon a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check; or(c)
in any other manner facilitates the making of a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check. This term excludes any employees of a facilitator who provide only clerical or other comparable support services to such facilitator.(7)
“Electronic” means computer technology.(8)
“Enrolled agent” means an agent enrolled to practice before the internal revenue service pursuant to section 10.4 of subpart A of part ten of title thirty-one of the code of federal regulations.(9)
“Public accountant” means an accountant licensed pursuant to Education Law § 7405 (Requirements for a license as a public accountant)section seventy-four hundred five of the education law or a similar law of one or more of the other states or jurisdictions of the United States.(10)
“Refund anticipation check” means a check, stored value card, or other payment mechanism which:(a)
represents the proceeds of a tax refund;(b)
was issued by a depository institution or other person that received a direct deposit of the tax refund or tax credits; and(c)
a fee or other consideration is paid for such payment mechanism.(11)
“Refund anticipation loan” means a loan that is secured by or that the creditor arranges to be repaid directly or indirectly from the proceeds of an income tax refund or tax credits. A refund anticipation loan also includes any sale, assignment, or purchase of tax refund at a discount or for a fee, whether or not the amount is required to be repaid to the buyer or assignee if the internal revenue service or the department denies or reduces the amount of the tax refund.(12)
“Return” means a return or report relating to a tax administered by the commissioner.(13)
“Tax” means any tax, fee, special assessment or other imposition administered by the commissioner.(14)
“Tax return preparer” means an individual who prepares a substantial portion of any return for compensation. Employees of a tax return preparer or a commercial tax return preparation business who prepare returns for clients of that preparer or preparation business, as applicable, and partners who prepare returns for clients of a partnership engaged in a commercial tax return preparation business, are all “tax return preparers” for purposes of this section. Excluded from the definition of “tax return preparer” are attorneys, public accountants, enrolled agents, and certified public accountants, and employees of an attorney, public accountant, enrolled agent, certified public accountant, or firm thereof preparing returns under the supervision of such attorneys, public accountants, certified public accountants and enrolled agents or firms thereof. Also excluded are volunteer tax preparers, employees of a business or partners in a partnership whose job responsibilities include preparation of only the business’ or partnership’s returns, and employees of a tax return preparer or a commercial tax return preparation business who provides only clerical or other comparable services.(b)
(1) Each tax return preparer, who will prepare at least one return in a calendar year, and each facilitator, who will facilitate the making of a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check, must register electronically with the department for that calendar year, in accordance with instructions prescribed by the commissioner.(2)
(A) Upon completion of the registration process, each tax return preparer and facilitator will be issued a tax preparer or facilitator registration certificate. If an individual acts as both a tax return preparer and a facilitator, one registration certificate shall indicate both activities. (B) In accordance with instructions prescribed by the commissioner, each tax return preparer and facilitator will also be assigned a unique identification number by the department, which must be used by the tax return preparer and facilitator on each return which the tax return preparer is required to sign and each refund anticipation loan and refund anticipation check the facilitator is required to sign. (C) If a tax return preparer or facilitator is an employee or prospective employee of a tax return preparer, a commercial tax return preparation business, or a facilitator, the tax return preparer, commercial tax return preparation business or facilitator must ensure that the employee or prospective employee is properly registered with the department and possesses a valid tax preparer or facilitator registration certificate. If an individual acts as both a tax return preparer and a facilitator one registration certificate shall indicate both activities.(3)
Each registered tax return preparer and facilitator must electronically re-register with the department annually, in accordance with instructions prescribed by the commissioner. If, at any time during the year following registration or re-registration, as applicable, any information provided by the tax return preparer or facilitator upon registration or re-registration is no longer correct, the tax return preparer or facilitator must update his or her information in accordance with instructions prescribed by the commissioner.(4)
Each tax return preparer preparing any return must sign the document and include the unique identification number specified in paragraph two of this subdivision, in accordance with instructions prescribed by the commissioner.(c)
(1) Each commercial tax return preparer must electronically pay an annual fee of one hundred dollars to the department, in accordance with instructions prescribed by the commissioner. Registration of a commercial tax return preparer is not complete until payment of the fee is made.(2)
All fees received by the commissioner pursuant to this subdivision, reduced by those amounts the commissioner determines are necessary to cover administrative costs to administer the registration program prescribed by this section and the costs of any reimbursements to commercial tax return preparers that may be required due to duplicative fee payments under this subdivision, must be deposited monthly to the credit of the general fund of the state. The commissioner will maintain a system of accounts showing the amount of money collected and disbursed from the fee imposed by this subdivision.(d)
The issuance of a tax preparer or facilitator registration certificate to provide tax preparation services or refund anticipation loan services is not, and must not be advertised as, an endorsement by the department of the tax return preparer or the facilitator, or his or her qualifications or the services rendered by him or her.(e)
A tax return preparer who has not registered with the department, or a commercial tax return preparer who has not paid the required registration fee, will not be allowed to represent his or her clients before the division of taxation or the division of tax appeals. This sanction is in addition to any penalties which may be imposed pursuant to subdivision (f) of this section.(f)
(1) A tax return preparer or facilitator shall not: (A) charge or impose any fee, charge or other consideration in the making or facilitating of a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check apart from the fee charged by the creditor or bank that provided the loan or check; (B) Engage in unfair or deceptive acts or practices in the facilitating of a refund anticipation check or a refund anticipation loan, including making any oral statements contradicting any of the information required to be disclosed under the Taxpayer Bill of Rights as set forth in sections three hundred seventy-one through three hundred seventy-three of the general business law; (C) Directly or indirectly arrange for a third party to charge any interest, fee or charge related to a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check; (D) Include any of the following provisions in any documents provided or signed to obtain a refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check, including the loan application or agreement:(i)
a hold harmless clause;(ii)
a confession of judgment clause;(iii)
a waiver of the right to a jury trial;(iv)
any assignment of or order for payment of wages or other compensation for services;(v)
a waiver of any provision of the Taxpayer Bill of Rights, as set forth in sections three hundred seventy-one through three hundred seventy-three of the general business law; or(vi)
a waiver of the right to injunctive, declaratory, other equitable relief, or relief on a classwide basis. Any aforementioned waivers shall be deemed null, void and of no effect; (E) Take or arrange for a creditor to take a security interest in any property interest of the taxpayer other than the proceeds of the tax refund to secure payment of a refund anticipation loan; (F) Directly or indirectly, individually or in conjunction or cooperation with another person, engage in the collection of an outstanding or delinquent refund anticipation loan for any creditor or assignee; (G) Make a misrepresentation of fact in obtaining or attempting to obtain a registration; or (H) Engage in any other action prohibited by rules promulgated by the commissioner.(2)
If a tax return preparer violates any one of the provisions provided for in this subdivision, then the tax return preparer must pay a penalty of five hundred dollars for each such violation, in addition to any other penalties provided for in this section.(g)
(1) The department shall issue a notice to a tax return preparer or facilitator for failure to register or re-register with the department pursuant to paragraph one or three of subdivision (b) of this section, which shall set forth a fifteen day period to cure the failure to register or re-register. The commissioner is authorized to send such notice electronically to the tax return preparer’s or facilitator’s online services account. A tax return preparer or facilitator who fails to register or re-register in accordance with such notice must pay a penalty of two hundred fifty dollars. The penalty can be waived only for good cause shown by the tax return preparer or facilitator.(2)
The department shall issue a notice to a commercial tax return preparer who fails to pay the fee as required in paragraph one of subdivision (c) of this section, for a calendar year, which shall set forth a fifteen day period to cure the failure to pay the fee. The commissioner is authorized to send such notice electronically to the commercial tax return preparer’s online services account. A commercial tax return preparer who fails to pay the fee in accordance with such notice must pay a penalty of fifty dollars for each return the commercial tax return preparer has filed with the department in that calendar year. The maximum penalty that may be imposed under this paragraph on any commercial tax return preparer during any calendar year must not exceed five thousand dollars. The penalty can be waived only for good cause shown by the commercial tax return preparer.(3)
If a tax return preparer fails to sign his or her name to any return that requires the tax return preparer’s signature, or a facilitator fails to sign his or her name to any refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check facilitation documentation, then the tax return preparer or facilitator must pay a penalty in the amount of two hundred fifty dollars for each failure to so sign. Provided, however, that this penalty can be waived only for good cause shown by the tax return preparer or facilitator. The maximum penalty imposed under this paragraph on any tax return preparer with respect to returns filed during any calendar year by the tax return preparer, or on any facilitator with respect to any refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check facilitation documentation completed during any calendar year by the facilitator must not exceed ten thousand dollars. Provided, however, that if a tax return preparer or facilitator has been penalized under this paragraph for a preceding calendar year and again fails to sign his or her name on any return that requires the tax return preparer’s signature or again fails to sign his or her name on any refund anticipation loan or refund anticipation check facilitation documentation during a subsequent calendar year, then the penalty under this paragraph for each failure will be five hundred dollars, and no annual cap will apply.(4)
If a tax return preparer or a facilitator fails to include the unique identification number assigned by the department pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph two of subdivision (b) of this section on any return, or any return anticipation loan or return anticipation check facilitation documentation that requires his or her signature, then the tax return preparer or facilitator must pay a penalty of one hundred dollars for each failure to include his or her unique identification number. Provided, however, that this penalty can be waived only for good cause shown by the tax return preparer or facilitator. The maximum penalty imposed under this paragraph on any tax return preparer or facilitator with respect to returns filed during any calendar year must not exceed two thousand five hundred dollars; provided, however, that if a tax return preparer or facilitator has been penalized under this paragraph for a preceding calendar year and again fails to include the unique identification number on one or more returns during a subsequent calendar year, then the penalty under this paragraph for each failure will be two hundred fifty dollars, and no annual cap will apply.(5)
If a tax return preparer, facilitator or a commercial tax return preparation business employs an individual to prepare tax returns who is not registered with the department and does not possess a valid tax preparer or facilitator registration certificate, then the tax return preparer, facilitator or commercial tax return preparation business, as applicable, will be subject to a penalty of five hundred dollars per occurrence. This penalty can be waived only for good cause shown.(6)
The penalties provided for by this subdivision must be paid upon notice and demand and will be assessed, collected and paid in the same manner as taxes under article 27 (Corporate Tax Procedure and Administration)article twenty-seven of this chapter.(h)
(1) Tax return preparers and facilitators must prominently and conspicuously display a copy of their registration certificate issued pursuant to this section, for the current registration period, at their place of business and at any other location where they provide tax return preparation and/or facilitation services, in an area where taxpayers using their services are able to see and review such registration certificate.(2)
Tax return preparers and facilitators must prominently and conspicuously display at their place of business and at any other location where they provide tax return preparation and/or facilitation services the following documents: (A) a current price list, in at least fourteen-point type, that includes, but is not limited to, a list of all services offered by the tax return preparer and/or facilitator; the minimum fee charged for each service, including the fee charged for each type of federal or New York state tax return to be prepared and facilitation service to be provided; and a list of each factor that may increase a stated fee and the specific additional fees or range of possible additional fees when each factor applies; and (B) a copy of the most recent Consumer Bill of Rights Regarding Tax Preparers published by the department pursuant to General Business Law § 372 (Consumer bill of rights regarding tax preparers)section three hundred seventy-two of the general business law.(3)
A tax return preparer or facilitator who fails to comply with any of the requirements of this subdivision must pay a penalty of five hundred dollars for the first month of non-compliance and five hundred dollars for each subsequent month of non-compliance thereafter. The maximum penalty that may be imposed under this subdivision on any tax return preparer or facilitator during any calendar year must not exceed ten thousand dollars. The penalty can be waived only for good cause shown by the tax return preparer or facilitator.(i)
The provisions of this section will apply exclusively to the registration of tax return preparers and facilitators with the department, payment of the registration fee if required by commercial tax return preparers, the signing of returns and use of the unique identification numbers assigned by the department upon registration. Other provisions of this chapter or any other provision of law prescribing additional requirements applicable to tax return preparers or facilitators will not be affected by the provisions of this section except as set forth expressly herein, and will remain in full force and effect.
Source:
Section 32 — Registration of tax return preparers, https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/TAX/32 (updated Jan. 7, 2022; accessed Oct. 26, 2024).
